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Weight by Information Gain Ratio
(RapidMiner Studio Core)
Synopsis
This operator calculates the relevance of the attributes based on the information gain ratio and assigns weights to them accordingly.Description
The Weight by Information Gain Ratio operator calculates the weight of attributes with respect to the label attribute by using the information gain ratio. The higher the weight of an attribute, the more relevant it is considered. Please note that this operator can be only applied on ExampleSets with nominal label.
Information gain ratio is used because it solves the drawback of information gain. Although information gain is usually a good measure for deciding the relevance of an attribute, it is not perfect. A notable problem occurs when information gain is applied to attributes that can take on a large number of distinct values. For example, suppose some data that describes the customers of a business. When information gain is used to decide which of the attributes are the most relevant, the customer's credit card number may have high information gain. This attribute has a high information gain, because it uniquely identifies each customer, but we may not want to assign high weights to such attributes. The Weight by Information Gain operator uses information gain for generating attribute weights.
Information gain ratio is sometimes used instead of information gain. Information gain ratio biases against considering attributes with a large number of distinct values. However, attributes with very low information values then appear to receive an unfair advantage.
Input
example set (IOObject)This input port expects an ExampleSet. It is output of the Retrieve operator in the attached Example Process.
Output
weights (Average Vector)This port delivers the weights of the attributes with respect to the label attribute. The attributes with higher weight are considered more relevant.
- example set (IOObject)
ExampleSet that was given as input is passed without changing to the output through this port. This is usually used to reuse the same ExampleSet in further operators or to view the ExampleSet in the Results Workspace.
Parameters
- normalize_weightsThis parameter indicates if the calculated weights should be normalized or not. If set to true, all weights are normalized in range from 0 to 1. Range: boolean
- sort_weightsThis parameter indicates if the attributes should be sorted according to their weights in the results. If this parameter is set to true, the order of the sorting is specified using the sort direction parameter. Range: boolean
- sort_directionThis parameter is only available when the sort weights parameter is set to true. This parameter specifies the sorting order of the attributes according to their weights. Range: selection
Tutorial Processes
Calculating the weights of the attributes of the Golf data set
The 'Golf' data set is loaded using the Retrieve operator. The Weight by Information Gain Ratio operator is applied on it to calculate the weights of the attributes. All parameters are used with default values. The normalize weights parameter is set to true, thus all the weights will be normalized in range 0 to 1. The sort weights parameter is set to true and the sort direction parameter is set to 'ascending', thus the results will be in ascending order of the weights. You can verify this by viewing the results of this process in the Results Workspace.
