Holt-Winters
(Time Series)
Synopsis
This operator trains an Holt-Winters forecasting model with triple exponential smoothing.Description
The Holt-Winters forecasting method applies a triple exponential smoothing for level, trend and seasonal components.
A Holt-Winters model is defined by its three order parameters, alpha, beta, gamma. Alpha specifies the coefficient for the level smoothing. Beta specifies the coefficient for the trend smoothing. Gamma specifies the coefficient for the seasonal smoothing. There is also a parameter for the type of seasonality: Additive seasonality, where each season changes by a constant number. Multiplicative seasonality, where each season changes by a factor.
This operator works only on numerical time series.
Differentiation
This operator is similar to other modeling operators, but is specifically designed to work on time series data. One of the implications of this is, that the forecast model should be applied on the same data it was trained on.
Apply Forecast
This operator receives a trained Forecast Model (e.g. the Holt-Winters model) and creates the forecast for the time series it was trained on.
ARIMA
This operator trains an ARIMA model (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) on time series data to perform a forecast.
Default Forecast
This operator trains a Default Forecast model (predicting single value) on time series data to perform a forecast.
Function and Seasonal Component Forecast
This operator trains a Function and Seasonal Forecast model (combining fitted function and seasonal component values) on time series data to perform a forecast.
Input
example set (Data table)The ExampleSet which contains the time series data as an attribute.
Output
- forecast model (IOObject)
The Holt-Winters model (forecast model) fitted to the specified time series attribute. It also contains the original time series values.
- original (Data table)
The ExampleSet that was given as input is passed through without changes.
Parameters
- time series attribute
The time series attribute (numerical) for which the Holt-Winters model should be build. The required attribute can be selected from this option. The attribute name can be selected from the drop down box of the parameter if the meta data is known.
- has indices
This parameter indicates if there is an index attribute associated with the time series. If this parameter is set to true, the index attribute has to be selected.
- indices attribute
If the parameter has indices is set to true, this parameter defines the associated index attribute. It can be either a date, date_time or numeric value type attribute. The attribute name can be selected from the drop down box of the parameter if the meta data is known.
- sort time series
If this parameter is selected, the input time series will be sorted, according to the selected indices attribute, before the time series operation is applied on. If it is not selected and the input time series is not sorted, a corresponding User Error is thrown.
Keep in mind that the indices values still needs to be unique. If the values are non-unique a corresponding User Error is thrown.
The data set provided at the original output port will be the sorted input time series.
- alpha: coefficient for level smoothing
The parameter alpha specifies the coefficient for the level smoothing.
- beta: coefficient for trend smoothing
The parameter beta specifies the coefficient for the trend smoothing.
- gamma: coefficient for seasonality smoothing
The parameter gamma specifies the coefficient for the seasonal smoothing.
- period: length of one period
This parameter specifies the length of one seasonal period in the data. For weekly data this is often 7, for monthly data 12. The period has to be smaller or equal to half of the length of the time series.
- seasonality model
This parameter specifies the type of seasonality.
- additive: Additive seasonality, where each season changes by a constant number.
- multiplicative: Multiplicative seasonality, where each season changes by a factor.
Tutorial Processes
Holt-Winters on monthly milk production
This tutorial process shows the basic usage of the Holt-Winters operator, by training a Holt-Winters model on the Monthly Milk Production data.
